Enzymes of the Pyrimidine Pathway in Escherichia Coli. Ii. Intracellular Localization and Properties of Dihydroorotic Dehydrogenase.

Taylor, W. Herman (Portland State College, Portland, Ore.), and Mary L. Taylor. Enzymes of the pyrimidine pathway in Escherichia coli. II. Intracellular localization and properties of dihydroorotic dehydrogenase. J. Bacteriol. 88:105-111. 1964.-Intracellular localization of three enzymes of the pyrimidine pathway in Escherichia coli was studied. Dihydroorotic dehydrogenase was found to be associated with the membrane portion of lysed spheroplasts. Centrifugal fractionation of cell-free extracts showed all the dihydroorotic dehydrogenase activity to be associated with large structures, probably cell wall-membrane fragments. In contrast, all orotidylic decarboxylase activity was found in the cytoplasm in both lysed spheroplasts and cell-free extracts. Aspartate transcarbamylase activity appeared to be particulate in repressed cells, but only 25% was particulate in derepressed cells. Dihydroorotic dehydrogenase was shown to be bound to oxidative particles by oxygen uptake and orotate production from dihydroorotate. A ferricyanide reduction assay, suitable for measuring soluble and particulate enzyme, was devised for dihydroorotic dehydrogenase. Soluble dihydroorotic dehydrogenase was prepared by use of deoxycholate. A 20-fold purification of the enzyme compared to whole-cell activity was achieved by ammonium sulfate fractionation of the deoxycholate-soluble enzyme. Although cytochromes were implicated by cyanide inhibition of aerobic orotate production by particles, the purified enzyme appeared to be separated from the cytochromes, as shown by lack of cyanide inhibition in the ferricyanide assay. The purified soluble enzyme did not react in the aerobic assay previously used by others for assay of this enzyme. In contrast to the degradative dihydroorotic dehydrogenases reported by other workers, the biosynthetic dihydroorotic dehydrogenase of E. coli did not link to pyridine nucleotides.